B029817 - HISTORY OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND GARDEN

Italian

History of the garden and the European landscape from Antiquity to the 20th century, with openings to the East and the New World.

For the non-frequenters
Pierre Grimal, I giardini di Roma antica, Milano, Garzanti 1990,
Attilio Petruccioli, ed., Il giardino islamico, Milano, Electa 1995
Mariella Zoppi, Storia del Giardino Europeo, Bari, Laterza 1995
Luigi Zangheri, Storia del giardino e del paesaggio, Firenze, Olshki, 2003
Monique Mosser, George Teyssot, ed., L'architettura dei giardini d'Occidente. Dal Rinascimento al Novecento, Milano, Electa 1999
Marie Luise Gothein, Storia dell'arte dei giardini: Dall'Egitto al Rinascimento in Italia, Spagna e Portogallo-Dal Rinascimento in Francia fino ai nostri giorni, ed. by Mario Bencivenni and Massimo De Vico Fallani, Firenze, Olshki 2006.
Handbooks
- G. Cricco, F.P. Di Teodoro, Itinerario nell'arte. Versione maior (for high school), Bologna 2005 (or later publications)
- G. Fossi, E. Ferretti et al., Arte viva Plus, corso di storia dell'arte per i Licei Scientifici, Giunti Editori, first ed. 2012.
For those attending the classes the teacher will report or deliver at the end of each lesson, or group of lectures, articles, essays and specific contributions related to the topics treated in photocopy or pdf.

The main objective is to build specific skills in a very wide geographical context and in a chronological span ranging from Antiquity to the 20th century, on the themes of garden construction and landscape changes in an open and interdisciplinary perspective and with an approach that looks at contamination with contemporary culture (architecture, art, literature, philosophy, agriculture, engineering, hydraulics, etc.).
Texts of reference

Prerequisites
Basic knowledge of the history of architecture from antiquity to the 20th century

For those attending the classes the teacher will report or deliver at the end of each lesson, or group of lectures, articles, essays and specific contributions related to the topics treated in photocopy or pdf.

The mythical origins of the garden. The Persian garden at the time of Cyrus the Great, with illustration of Pasargade and Persepol. The Roman garden, through descriptions, with presentation of some examples of Pompeii. Villa Adriana in Tivoli. The painted gardens. The Roman hydraulics and its spread in the Arab world. The Islamic garden and the “built” landscape of the desert. Presentation of some Moroccan and Iranian gardens. The medieval and fifteenth-century garden through literary descriptions and its representations. The treatises and the printed sources between 15th and 16th centuries.
The birth of the classical garden: the gardens in the papal Rome of the early 16th century and the discovery of the ancient works of art.The courtyard of the Belvedere the gardens of the Valley, Cesi, Villa Madama, Villa Medici al Pincio. The agricultural landscape through literature and iconography (the lunettes attributed to Giusto of Utens, landscapes and painted gardens). The nymph hegemony. The world of artificial grottos in Italy, Germany and France. The birth of botanical gardens (Padua, Pisa, Florence). The Mannerist Garden: The flower garden between the 16th and 17th centuries, with hints to the botanical illustration. The garden as wunderkammer. Vegetable structures in the sixteenth century: ragnaie, roccoli, uccellari, wildness. Hints on the Japanese garden.
A historical and anthological itinerary. Water as 'building material': hydraulic culture and gardens in 16th century Italy. 17th century France: from the treatises of Boyceu, Mollet, Dezallier d'Angerville. The genius of Le Nôtre and the French baroque garden. Its diffusion in Europe (England, Holland, Germany). Examples: Marly, Sceaux, Versailles, Hampton Court, Blenhiem Palace, Herrenhausen, Sans-Souci in Postdam (Berlin). The Roman garden in the seventeenth century, between classical tradition and French influences: Villa Borghese, Villa Pamphilj, Villa Mattei, Villa Ludovisi. Baroque gardens in Lombardy: Villa Litta Visconti a Lainate, l'Isola Bella. Baroque gardens in Veneto: Villa Pisani, Villa Barbaro at Valsanzibio.
The British reaction against the formal garden. The birth and spread of the landscaped garden with Pope, Kent, Lord Burlington, Capability Brown. Great English landscaped gardens: Rousham, Stourhead, Painshill, Stowe. The firm ornée and the agricultural landscape in France and England in the eighteenth century. The Anglo-Chinese garden in France: Hermenonville and the garden according to Jean-Jacques Rousseau. John Claudius Loudon and the Victorian garden. The birth of the history and restoration of the garden.
The garden Arts & crafts. The rediscovery of the formal garden and the birth of the myth of the Italian garden. The Grand Tour between the late 19th century. The revival of the formal garden in Italy, England. The great American parks: Frederick Law Olmsted; the Green belts of Boston and Central Park.
France (Jean Claude Nicolas Forestier) Between tradition and innovation: the garden of the twentieth century (Jellicoe, Church, Innocenti and Webel, Porcinai, Buzzi, Eckbo).