Italian (Erasmus students will be personally tutored in English during the first weeks)
Teaching Language - Part D
Italian
Teaching Language - Part E
Italian
Course Content - Part A
The Laboratory is aimed at recovering the disciplinary tradition of urbanism that has as its center of interest the project of the physical and morphological structure of the city. This requires an in-depth knowledge of both the general concepts of "structure", "relationship", "form" and "centrality", and the main physical elements that make up the city such as the building fabrics and public space in its various configurations: square, street, park.
Course Content - Part C
The course covers the fundamental knoledge on urbanism such as:
- the interctive and processual nature of the urbanism;
- the critical view on opportunities and needs of cities, territories and societies at different scales;
-the understanding of the key planning instruments in use, and the regulatory and legislative tools.
Course Content - Part E
1-The city and Urbanism discipline: We retrace the important phases of the urban phenomenon development with the aim to better understand the character of the contemporary city and its mode of transformation.
2- The planning instruments: national and regional planning law.
3-The urban design: The main "Materials" of the Urban Project: green spaces, mobility, services, residential settlements, the Urban Regeneration methodologies
Rogers R., Gumuchdjian P., Città per un piccolo pianeta, edizioni Kappa, Roma,1997
Frey H., Designing the City:Toward a More Sustainable Urban Form, Taylor e Francis, 1999
Secchi B., Prima lezione di urbanistica, Roma-Bari, 2000; Giorgieri P. e Ventura P.(a cura di), Strada strade, Firenze, 2007;
Carmona M., Heath T., Oc T., Tiesdell S., Public Places - Urban Spaces, Burlington, USA (2° ed.) 2010; Suzuki H., Dastur A., Moffatt S., Yabuki N., Maruyama H, Eco2 Cities, Waschington,DC,USA, 2010;
Giorgieri P., Struttura e forma urbana per la smart city, in (a cura di) Alberti F., Brugellis P., Parolotto F., Città pensanti. Creatività, Mobilità, Qualità urbana, Macerata, 2014 pp.50-68
Fanelli, G. Firenze, Architettura e città, Firenze, 1973;
Giorgieri P. (a cura di), Firenze il progetto urbanistico. Scritti e contributi 1975-2010, Firenze, 2010
Erasmus students will be provided with specific readings to be agreed upon with the instructor
• Lanzani A. (2015), “Città territorio urbanistica tra crisi e contrazione. Muovere da quel che c'è, ipotizzando radicali”, Franco Angeli, Milano.
Mandatory readings for all students (one chapter of your choice)
• Gaeta L., Janin Rivolin U., Mazza L. (2013), Governo del territorio e pianificazione spaziale, Utet (one chapter form Part 4)
• Brenner N. (2016), Stato, spazio, urbanizzazione, Guerini, Milano (one chapter of your choice)
• Magnaghi A. (2010), Progetto locale, Bollati Boringhieri, Torino Milano (one chapter of your choice)
• Dematteis G. (2011 – a cura di), Le grandi città italiane. Società e territori da ricomporre, Marsilio, Venezia (one chapter of your choice among the followings 1,2,6,9,10,11).
Optional Readings
• Di Biagi P. (2002 - a cura di), I classici dell’urbanistica moderna, Donzelli, Roma.
• Gabellini P. (2010), Fare Urbanistica, Carocci, Roma.
• Fini G. (2016), Bernardo Sechi. Il futuro si costruisce giorno per giorno. Riflessioni su spazio, società e progetto, Donzelli.
• Magnaghi A. ( cura di, 2014), La regola e il progetto. Un approccio bioregionalista alla pianificazione territoriale, Firenze University Press, Firenze.
• Mazza L. (2015), Spazio e Cittadinanza. Politica e governo del territorio, Donzelli, Roma.
• Paba G. (2010), Corpi urbani, differenze, interazioni e politiche, Franco Angeli.
• Pileri P. (2015), Che cosa c’è sotto. Il suolo, i suoi segreti, le ragioni per difenderlo, altreconomia Edizioni,
• Secchi B. (2007), Prima lezione di urbanistica, Laterza, Bari, Roma.
• Secchi B. (2013), La città dei ricchi e la città dei Poveri, Laterza, Bari, Roma.
• Enciclopedia Treccani, L’Italia e le sue regioni, Vol II, Della grande trasformazione del paesaggio, di Arturo Lanzani - Matteo Bolocan Goldstein - Federico Zanfi, pp. 291-312.
• Secchi B., Viganò P. (2011), La ville poreuse, Metis Presses, Paris.
• Magnaghi A. ( cura di, 2014), La regola e il progetto. Un approccio bioregionalista alla pianificazione territoriale, Firenze University Press, Firenze.
Calabi D. (2005), Storia della città. L’età contemporanea, Marsilio, Milano
Mumford L. (1997), La città nella storia, Bompiani, Milano
Secchi B. (2013),La città dei ricchi e la città dei poveri, Laterza, Roma-Bari
Selicato F. e Rotondo F. (2010), Progettazione Urbanistica, teoria e tecnica, Mc Graw-Hill , Milano
Salzano E. (1998), Fondamenti di urbanistica, Laterza, Roma-Bari
Di Paola F. (2008)Fondamenti di urbanistica. Teoria e storia, Aracne, Roma
Recommended texts
Benevolo L. ((1982), Storia della città, Laterza, Roma-Bari
Cacciari M.(2004), La città, Pazzini Stampatore Editore, Villa Verrucchio (Rimini),
Edoardo Salzano , "Ma dove vivi ? La città raccontata" Ed.Corte del Fontego, Venezia 2007;
G. Fanelli, (1973) Firenze, Architettura e città, Valacchi Firenze;
Pirenne H. (1971), Le città del medioevo, Laterza, Roma
Sassen S.(2001),Le citta nell’economia globale, il Mulino, Bologna
Manual
Gabellini P. (2001), Tecnica Urbanistica, Carocci editore,Roma
Mercandino A. (2006), Urbanistica tecnica. Pianificazione generale, Il Sole 24 ORE, Milano
PER CHI OPERA IN AMBIENTE GIS
Biallo G. (2002), Introduzione ai sistemi informativi geografici, in Quaderni di Mondo Gis, Roma.
Teti M.A (a cura, 2004), Sistemi Informativi geografici. Manuale casi studio città e territorio, F. Angeli, Milano
Learning Objectives - Part C
The activities are intended: - to make the students aware of the complexity of the discipline;
- to enhance their design attitude to grips with the identification of transformative strategies and / or the material definition of a settlement.
Learning Objectives - Part E
The Laboratory aims to provide theoretical and practical tools for the critical analysis of the urban phenomenon and the components of its system in order to understand the phenomena of transformation in place.
The student will be introduced to the sphere of implementation plans receiving a cultural and vocational training aimed at the urban design of detail and its methodologies in the two fundamental aspects:
Techniques and analytical tools;
Design and representation.
The main topics of treatment, except that the final test, the project will cover the physical regeneration of the city, according to the most recent and suitable principles of Urban Regeneration and Sustainable Development.
Prerequisites - Part A
Interest in the subjects covered and in the project exercise
Prerequisites - Part C
Basic knowledge on urbanism
Prerequisites - Part E
preparatory matters
Teaching Methods - Part A
The organization of the teaching provides:
- Frontal lessons on general themes,
- Project work in the classroom in groups of students. The field of application will be an urban portion of the metropolitan area which, due to its urban relevance, environmental degradation and location in the urban context, lends itself to redevelopment through the formation of a system of central places, with identity, attractiveness and high functional complexity.
This part of the work is structured in two phases:
The first, aimed at grasping the "values" and "criticalities" of the study area, aims to identify the system of central places (existing and planned), considered as strategic areas for the redevelopment of the settlement context.
The graphic documents (plans) - with predefined "legends" - to be produced are intended to illustrate:
the urban and territorial location of the study area, highlighting relations with the main historical, environmental and functional emergencies surrounding it (scale 1:20.000/1:10.000)
the urban structure, both morphological and functional, of the study area with specific attention to the organization and quality of open spaces;
the mobility system;
the elements of criticality and urban degradation;
urban emergencies, quality elements and possible areas of transformation/recovery.
the system of existing and planned urban centralities as a synthesis of the strategies foreseen for the redevelopment of the specific urban portion under study. (scale 1:5,000). This table, which constitutes the basis of the urban project of the area, will have to be accompanied by synthesis schemes (ideograms) illustrating the specific characteristics of the urban system studied and the project strategies identified.
The reading and analysis work necessary to carry out this phase includes:
the study of the area through the reading of the basic cartographies: regional technical map, aerial photos, town planning forecasts, etc.
the inspections necessary to grasp the main characteristics of the study area, i.e.: the problematic and weak elements, the strong and quality points and, finally, the transformative possibilities of the area.
The collected documentary material (photos, sketches, etc.) during the visits must be returned in a "reasoned" way and structured by themes. Just as an example: public space, places of socialization (streets, squares, parks), main public equipment, urban emergencies, building fabrics, degraded areas, etc...
The second phase involves the design definition of a part of the "system of central places" identified at the end of the first phase of work with particular attention to the design of public space.
To this end, the following documents must be produced:
plans and sections of the urban project with the definition of the outline of the buildings, the system of public space, greenery, roads, paths, pedestrian areas, etc. (scale 1:2000/1:1000);
design details on a scale of 1,200/1,500 illustrating the fundamental elements of the design of the structure of urban space;
project plan (scale 1:2000/1:1000);
three-dimensional views of the project including also parts of its surroundings (scale 1:1000/1:500);
All material from stages 1 and 2 must be submitted and collected in an 'A3' format.
All materials, both analysis and design, must also be delivered in digital form.
Teaching Methods - Part C
The leraning/teching methods is peer-to-peer learning which consists of the tree following principles:
- ‘Students learning from and with each other in both formal and informal ways’
- The emphasis is on the learning process, including the emotional support that learners offer each other, as much as the learning task itself.
- Reciprocal peer learning emphasizes students simultaneously learning and contributing to other students' learning. Such communication is based on mutual experience and so they are better able to make equal contributions
Teaching Methods - Part E
The course topics are developed through:
- Introductory lessons of various topics of the course
- Classroom exercises concerning the content of lessons
- Monographic exercises
- Additional classes in
- Public discussion of monographic works submitted by students
- Review and coordination of their planning application.
Thematic seminars conducted by university lecturers also from other universities and external professionals
Structuring elements of the urban project, be they of environmental matrix than settlement matrix within a renewed union between plan and project.
From the relevant background that the town planning has built.
The lessons are developed through theoretical and methodological insights and are illustrated with real project references of European urban culture experiences, modern and contemporary.
The sequence argument contains three main themes articulated in various subjects, who will take turns to provide the necessary knowledge to carry out practical activities in the classroom and engage students in the final project examination.
Ideas, matters, principles of settlement and urban materials constitute the core of theoretical reflection in close connection with the project activity.
1-The city and Urbanism discipline:
Disciplinary basic vocabulary.
Representations and languages.
We retrace the important phases of the urban phenomenon development with the aim to better understand the character of the contemporary city and its mode of transformation.
Particular attention will be placed on the three main stages of development: urbanization around the nucleus (relating to the industrial city); suburbanization (creating urban hinterland and conurbations); disurbanization (sprawl training, relocation services and tertiary activities, polycentric cities, urban areas, land use).
Affirmation of new ethical principle of 'Sustainable Development' and the direct and indirect impact on cities; development of the principles of Urban Regeneration.
2- The planning instruments: national and regional planning law.
The urban planning tools in Tuscany LUR.
structural plan and Town Planning Regulations of Florence.
Methods, content and implementing technical standards of Florentine urban tools.
The quality of the plan: design, standards and urban indexes.
3-The urban design: The main "Materials" of the Urban Project: green spaces, mobility, services, residential settlements, productive activities; morphologies, measures.
Each component will be analyzed from a few historical references and contemporary examples in order to bring to light design rules, dimensions, locations, uses and meanings.
Methodologies and analysis of the urban fabric, preparatory action project; Site study, thematizations.
Principles and methodologies of Urban Regeneration, Urban Ecology and Sustainable Development.
Operations and general rules of urban planning. the implant design, urban structure.
Visual Design: Reading the compositional path of urban design.
Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Further information - Part C
More resdings will be suggested by hte instructors while lecturing.
Further information - Part E
Premise
"Urbanism has strong and precise responsibilities in the worsening of inequalities. We are facing a new urban issue that isn't secondary causes of the crisis that now pass through the major country economies"
So begins Bernardo Secchi already from the cover of his latest book "the city of the rich and the poor" released in 2013 in the series "antibodies" published by Laterza.
Following his deepened studies developed for the project of the “Great Paris”, the eminent urbanist has clearly reported the serious state of the urban systems both Europeans and world, punctually individualizing in the strong increase of the social disparity, an worrisome and serious bell of alarm.
His words, today, after the serious facts of Paris and many other attacks of Islamic matrix happened in Europe, perpetrated by European citizens grown in the districts ghetto-enclave of the outskirts, they seem a great deal more truthful and they call us back to a sense of responsibility.
The "Isotropic city" (or a city with equal level of services and opportunity in all his part) that Secchi proposes us as possible remedy, even if it can seem an utopia, is an invitation to reread and to reorganize the "material of project" in relationship to the new planning challenges that architects and urbanists have to face in the immediate future.
Type of Assessment - Part A
The Laboratory expects that a significant part of the available time will be dedicated to the work of "atelier" (discussion of study topics, verification of research and project).
In order to carry out useful and productive work, it is necessary to respect certain work deadlines:
conclusion of the individual research and delivery of the papers relating to the first phase within the first semester.
drafting of the first part of the second phase papers by the end of April 2018
finalisation of the draft and discussion by May 2018.
In particular, the second phase of the laboratory may not be carried out without successfully completing phase 1 by the deadlines indicated above.
The final test consists in illustrating and discussing the material produced, individually and in groups, during the workshop.
The final evaluation of each student also takes into account the contribution made during the workshop (presentations of works, participation in discussions, etc.).
Type of Assessment - Part C
- Individual or collective work (40%)
- Interactive learning in class (30%)
- Readings report (30%)
Type of Assessment - Part E
Intermediary verification
At the end of the first semester a compulsory verification to carrying out at the final examination.
The students must deliver a brief monographic research on a project of Urban Regeneration, previously agreement with the teacher.
They must present:
1. Classroom exercises done in the semester
2. an analysis report on the agreed topic accompanied by a critical judgment according to specific indicators;
3. a presentation in pawer point
Each work will be screened in the classroom and used as a case study in a collective discussion aimed at enriching the cultural and cognitive baggage of the entire class, useful for the design experience that will take place in the second semester.
Final test
The final exam will focus on the realization of a project in one of the "transformation areas" identified by the Florence Urban Planning, chosen among those selected. The project will have the scale of an Master Plan and will follow in part the forecasts specified by the Municipality, varied according to the balancing of the workload for each groups.
The project must be made according to the principles of Urban Regeneration and must provide a reorganization of the public system spaces with particular attention to the urban green infrastructure of the analyzed area. During the exam will also be verified the knowledge of the topics covered during the course.
The exam will be a moment of confrontation, as public as possible, even of critical self-valutation, on the projects presented by the students.
Course program - Part A
Department of Architecture, University of Florence, A.A. 2017-18. Laboratory of Urban Planning I, Course A
Prof. Pietro Basilio Giorgieri
with Arch. Maria Cristina Brignani, Arch. Arianna Becherucci
The Laboratory aims to enrich the knowledge of urbanism as a moment of synthesis and welding between the design of the individual building and the urban context. More precisely, the aim is to identify the specific ways in which public space is formed and to verify the possibility of upgrading significant parts of existing cities through the creation-requalification of an articulated system of "central places".
The attention of the laboratory will be focused, in particular, on the deepening of the practice of design through the study of specific experiences and - above all - the design exercise.
Purpose and content
The workshop is aimed at recovering the disciplinary tradition of urbanism that has as its center of interest the project of physical and morphological order of the city.
This requires an in-depth knowledge of both the general concepts of "structure", "relationship", "form" and "centrality", and the main physical elements that make up the city such as the building fabrics and public space in its various articulations: square, street, park.
To this end, the main topics and themes to be covered are intended to clarify:
the criteria and strategies needed to develop an urban project capable of constructing quality urban places;
the main morphological and functional elements constituting an urban settlement;
the guiding principles that qualify the recent and most significant experiences of urban planning at a European and international level.
Organization of teaching and study topics
The didactic organization of the Laboratory foresees:
face-to-face lessons on the above themes;
Project work in the classroom, in groups of up to three students. The field of application will be an urban portion that, due to its urban relevance and location in the urban context, lends itself to being redeveloped through the formation of a system of central places, with identity, attractiveness and high functional complexity.
This part of the work is structured in two phases:
The first, aimed at grasping the "values" and "criticalities" of the study area, aims to identify the urban strategies necessary for the redevelopment of the settlement context and the system of places that make up the structure of the urban project.
The graphic works (plans) -with already defined "legends"- to be produced are finalized to illustrate:
the urban and territorial location of the study area, highlighting relations with the main historical, environmental and functional emergencies surrounding it (scale 1:20.000/1:10.000)
the urban structure, both morphological and functional, of the study area with specific attention to the organization and quality of the open spaces ( scale 1: 5,000 -1:2,000)
the mobility system;
the elements of criticality and urban degradation;
. urban emergencies, quality elements and possible areas of transformation/recovery.
project of the "urban centralities" intended as a summation of the already existing urban places and those proposed. This table, which forms the basis of the area's urban project, will have to be accompanied by summary diagrams (ideograms) illustrating the specific characteristics of the urban system studied and the strategies that qualify the project. ( scale 1: 5,000 )
The analysis and research work needed to carry out this first phase includes:
the study of the area through the reading of the basic cartographies: regional technical map, aerial photos, town planning forecasts, etc.
the inspections necessary to grasp the main characteristics of the study area, identifying both the strengths and weaknesses of the context and the transformative possibilities of the area.
The collected documentary material (photos, sketches, etc.) during the visits must be returned in a "reasoned" way and structured by themes. Just as an example: public space, places of socialization (streets, squares, parks), main public equipment, urban emergencies, building fabrics, degraded areas, etc...
The second phase focuses on the design definition of the physical and morphological aspects of the system of central places (identified at the end of the first phase of work) with particular attention to the structure and shape of the public space.
To this end, the following documents must be produced:
plans and sections of the urban project with the definition of the outline of the buildings, the system of public space, greenery, roads, paths, pedestrian areas, etc..
1:2000/1:1000);
in-depth design studies on a scale of 1,200/1,500 illustrating the fundamental elements of the design of the structure of urban space;
project plan (scale 1:2000/1:1000);
three-dimensional views of the project including also parts of its surroundings (scale 1:1000/1:500);
All items of stage 1 and 2 must be submitted in an A3 format.
All materials, both research and design, must also be delivered in electronic form.
Timing and arrangements for passing the intermediate verification tests and the final examination
As already mentioned, the Laboratory foresees that a significant part of the available time will be dedicated to the work of "ateliers" in the classroom (discussion of study themes, verification of research and design).
In order to be able to carry out useful and productive work - especially for those who follow it - it is necessary to respect certain work deadlines:
delivery, discussion and approval of the first phase drawings within the first semester
drafting, and approval of the second phase deliverables by the end of April 2018
finalisation of the tables of the second phase by the end of May 2018
exposition and discussion of the projects by the month of July.
The deadlines indicated must be adhered to without fail. In particular, the second phase of the laboratory may not be carried out without the successful completion of phase 1 and research as indicated above.
The final test consists in illustrating discussion of the material produced, both individually and in groups, during the workshop.
The final evaluation of each student also takes into account the contribution made during the workshop (presentations of works, participation in discussions, etc.) and the demonstrated knowledge of the main topics covered and the basic bibliographical material.
General basic bibliography:
Rogers R., Gumuchdjian P., Città per un piccolo pianeta, edizioni Kappa, Roma,1997
Frey H., Designing the City:Toward a More Sustainable Urban Form, Taylor e Francis, 1999
Secchi B., Prima lezione di urbanistica, Roma-Bari, 2000; Giorgieri P. e Ventura P.(a cura di), Strada strade, Firenze, 2007;
Carmona M., Heath T., Oc T., Tiesdell S., Public Places - Urban Spaces, Burlington, USA (2° ed.) 2010; Suzuki H., Dastur A., Moffatt S., Yabuki N., Maruyama H, Eco2 Cities, Waschington,DC,USA, 2010;
Giorgieri P., Struttura e forma urbana per la smart city, in (a cura di) Alberti F., Brugellis P., Parolotto F., Città pensanti. Creatività, Mobilità, Qualità urbana, Macerata, 2014 pp.50-68
General basic bibliography about the city of Florence:
Fanelli, G. Firenze, Architettura e città, Firenze, 1973;
Giorgieri P. (a cura di), Firenze il progetto urbanistico. Scritti e contributi 1975-2010, Firenze, 2010
Course program - Part E
Premise
"Urbanism has strong and precise responsibilities in the worsening of inequalities. We are facing a new urban issue that isn't secondary causes of the crisis that now pass through the major country economies"
So begins Bernardo Secchi already from the cover of his latest book "the city of the rich and the poor" released in 2013 in the series "antibodies" published by Laterza.
Following his deepened studies developed for the project of the “Great Paris”, the eminent urbanist has clearly reported the serious state of the urban systems both Europeans and world, punctually individualizing in the strong increase of the social disparity, an worrisome and serious bell of alarm.
His words, today, after the serious facts of Paris and many other attacks of Islamic matrix happened in Europe, perpetrated by European citizens grown in the districts ghetto-enclave of the outskirts, they seem a great deal more truthful and they call us back to a sense of responsibility.
The "Isotropic city" (or a city with equal level of services and opportunity in all his part) that Secchi proposes us as possible remedy, even if it can seem an utopia, is an invitation to reread and to reorganize the "material of project" in relationship to the new planning challenges that architects and urbanists have to face in the immediate future.
Main aims of the course
The Laboratory aims to provide theoretical and practical tools for the critical analysis of the urban phenomenon and the components of its system in order to understand the phenomena of transformation in place.
The student will be introduced to the sphere of implementation plans receiving a cultural and vocational training aimed at the urban design of detail and its methodologies in the two fundamental aspects:
Techniques and analytical tools;
Design and representation.
The main topics of treatment, except that the final test, the project will cover the physical regeneration of the city, according to the most recent and suitable principles of Urban Regeneration and Sustainable Development.
The course topics are developed through:
- Introductory lessons of various topics of the course
- Classroom exercises concerning the content of lessons
- Monographic exercises
- Additional classes in
- Public discussion of monographic works submitted by students
- Review and coordination of their planning application.
Thematic seminars conducted by university lecturers also from other universities and external professionals
Course content and teaching methodology:
Structuring elements of the urban project, be they of environmental matrix than settlement matrix within a renewed union between plan and project.
From the relevant background that the town planning has built.
The lessons are developed through theoretical and methodological insights and are illustrated with real project references of European urban culture experiences, modern and contemporary.
The sequence argument contains three main themes articulated in various subjects, who will take turns to provide the necessary knowledge to carry out practical activities in the classroom and engage students in the final project examination.
Ideas, matters, principles of settlement and urban materials constitute the core of theoretical reflection in close connection with the project activity.
1-The city and Urbanism discipline:
Disciplinary basic vocabulary.
Representations and languages.
We retrace the important phases of the urban phenomenon development with the aim to better understand the character of the contemporary city and its mode of transformation.
Particular attention will be placed on the three main stages of development: urbanization around the nucleus (relating to the industrial city); suburbanization (creating urban hinterland and conurbations); disurbanization (sprawl training, relocation services and tertiary activities, polycentric cities, urban areas, land use).
Affirmation of new ethical principle of 'Sustainable Development' and the direct and indirect impact on cities; development of the principles of Urban Regeneration.
2- The planning instruments: national and regional planning law.
The urban planning tools in Tuscany LUR.
structural plan and Town Planning Regulations of Florence.
Methods, content and implementing technical standards of Florentine urban tools.
The quality of the plan: design, standards and urban indexes.
3-The urban design: The main "Materials" of the Urban Project: green spaces, mobility, services, residential settlements, productive activities; morphologies, measures.
Each component will be analyzed from a few historical references and contemporary examples in order to bring to light design rules, dimensions, locations, uses and meanings.
Methodologies and analysis of the urban fabric, preparatory action project; Site study, thematizations.
Principles and methodologies of Urban Regeneration, Urban Ecology and Sustainable Development.
Operations and general rules of urban planning. the implant design, urban structure.
Visual Design: Reading the compositional path of urban design.
Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Intermediary verification
At the end of the first semester a compulsory verification to carrying out at the final examination.
The students must deliver a brief monographic research on a project of Urban Regeneration, previously agreement with the teacher.
They must present:
1. Classroom exercises done in the semester
2. an analysis report on the agreed topic accompanied by a critical judgment according to specific indicators;
3. a presentation in pawer point
Each work will be screened in the classroom and used as a case study in a collective discussion aimed at enriching the cultural and cognitive baggage of the entire class, useful for the design experience that will take place in the second semester.
Final test
The final exam will focus on the realization of a project in one of the "transformation areas" identified by the Florence Urban Planning, chosen among those selected. The project will have the scale of an Master Plan and will follow in part the forecasts specified by the Municipality, varied according to the balancing of the workload for each groups.
The project must be made according to the principles of Urban Regeneration and must provide a reorganization of the public system spaces with particular attention to the urban green infrastructure of the analyzed area. During the exam will also be verified the knowledge of the topics covered during the course.
The exam will be a moment of confrontation, as public as possible, even of critical self-valutation, on the projects presented by the students.